Search results for "spin [neutron star]"

showing 10 items of 813 documents

Pulse EPR methods for studying chemical and biological samples containing transition metals

2006

This review discusses the application of pulse EPR to the characterization of disordered systems, with an emphasis on samples containing transition metals. Electron nuclear double-resonance (ENDOR), electron-spin-echo envelope-modulation (ESEEM), and double electron-electron resonance (DEER) methodologies are outlined. The theory of field modulation is outlined, and its application is illustrated with DEER experiments. The simulation of powder spectra in EPR is discussed, and strategies for optimization are given. The implementation of this armory of techniques is demonstrated on a rich variety of chemical systems: several porphyrin derivatives that are found in proteins and used as model s…

CONTINUOUS-WAVEAnalytical chemistryElectronBiochemistryResonance (particle physics)CatalysisSpectral linelaw.inventionInorganic ChemistryELECTRON-PARAMAGNETIC-RESONANCEchemistry.chemical_compoundTransition metallawDrug DiscoveryPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryElectron paramagnetic resonanceENVELOPE MODULATIONChemistryPulsed EPROrganic ChemistryPorphyrinSettore FIS/07 - Fisica Applicata(Beni Culturali Ambientali Biol.e Medicin)COENZYME-M-REDUCTASECharacterization (materials science)Chemical physicsRADICAL COMPLEXESSPIN SYSTEMSHELVETICA CHIMICA ACTA
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X-Ray Diffraction and Multifrequency EPR Study of Radiation-Induced Room Temperature Stable Radicals in Octacalcium Phosphate.

2020

Octacalcium phosphate (OCP) {Ca8H2(PO4)6×5H2O] has attracted increasing attention over the last decade as a transient intermediate to the biogenic apatite for bone engineering and in studies involving the processes of pathological calcification. In this work, OCP powders obtained by hydrolysis of dicalcium phosphate dehydrate were subjected to X- and γ-ray irradiation and studied by means of stationary and pulsed electron paramagnetic resonance at 9, 36 and 94 GHz microwave frequencies. Several types of paramagnetic centers were observed in the investigated samples. Their spectroscopic parameters (components of the g and hyperfine tensors) were determined. Based on the extracted parameters,…

Calcium PhosphatesMaterials scienceFree RadicalsBiophysicsAnalytical chemistryCrystal structureApatite030218 nuclear medicine & medical imaginglaw.invention03 medical and health scienceschemistry.chemical_compound0302 clinical medicineX-Ray DiffractionlawPhase (matter)ApatitesHumansRadiology Nuclear Medicine and imagingIrradiationVascular DiseasesElectron paramagnetic resonanceOctacalcium phosphateMicrowavesRadiationBone DevelopmentPulsed EPRX-RaysElectron Spin Resonance SpectroscopyTemperatureCalcinosischemistryGamma Rays030220 oncology & carcinogenesisvisual_artX-ray crystallographyBone Substitutesvisual_art.visual_art_mediumJoint DiseasesRadiation research
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Reversible coordination of dioxygen by tripodal tetraamine copper complexes incorporated in a porous silica framework.

2010

The present study reports the synthesis and rational design of porous structured materials by using a templating method. A tetraethoxysilylated tripodal tetraamine (TREN) was covalently incorporated in a silica framework with a double imprint: A surfactant template and a metal ion imprint. The presence of a cationic surfactant (CTAB) endowed the material with a high porosity, and the tripodal or square-pyramidal topology of the ligand was preserved thanks to the use of the silylated Cu(II) complex. After removal of the surfactant and de-metalation, the incorporated tetraamine was quantitatively complexed by CuCl(2) and the material has shown after thermal activation that a reversible bindin…

Carbon MonoxideSilicon dioxideLigandNitrogenMetal ions in aqueous solutionOrganic ChemistryInorganic chemistryCationic polymerizationElectron Spin Resonance Spectroscopychemistry.chemical_elementGeneral ChemistrySilicon DioxideCopperCatalysisAdductOxygenchemistry.chemical_compoundchemistryCoordination ComplexesTripodal ligandPolymer chemistryReactivity (chemistry)AminesPorosityCopperChemistry (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)
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Modified electrocardiograph-triggered black-blood turbo spin-echo technique to improve T1-weighting in contrast-enhanced MRI of atherosclerotic carot…

2008

Purpose To assess the efficacy of a modified electrocardiograph (EKG)-triggered black-blood T1W (T1W) spin-echo sequence in improving contrast on post-gadolinium high-resolution carotid plaque imaging by implementing heart-rate–independent contrast preparation. Materials and Methods We used a standard EKG-triggered double inversion-recovery (DIR) turbo spin-echo (TSE) sequence modified with the addition of an extra saturation (90°) radio frequency (RF) pulse placed immediately after the DIR module, shortening the repetition time to a fixed value of 400 msec. A total of 10 patients with atherosclerotic disease were included in the study. Postinjection intraplaque contrast measurements were p…

Carotid Artery DiseasesMaleCONTRAST ENHANCED MRIImage qualityCarotid arteriesmedia_common.quotation_subjectBlack blood[INFO.INFO-IM] Computer Science [cs]/Medical ImagingContrast Media030218 nuclear medicine & medical imagingElectrocardiography03 medical and health sciencesMeglumine0302 clinical medicineImage Interpretation Computer-AssistedOrganometallic Compounds[INFO.INFO-IM]Computer Science [cs]/Medical ImagingHumansContrast (vision)MedicineRadiology Nuclear Medicine and imagingAgedmedia_commonPulse (signal processing)business.industryMiddle AgedFast spin echoMagnetic Resonance ImagingWeightingFemaleArtifactsbusinessNuclear medicine030217 neurology & neurosurgery
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The MC3 receptor binding affinity of melanocortins correlates with the nitric oxide production inhibition in mice brain inflammation model

2006

Melanocortins possess strong anti-inflammatory effects acting in the central nervous system via inhibition of the production of nitric oxide (NO) during brain inflammation. To shed more light into the role of melanocortin (MC) receptor subtypes involved we synthesized and evaluated some novel peptides, modified in the melanocyte-stimulating hormone (MSH) core structure, natural MCs and known MC receptor selective peptides - MS05, MS06. Since the study included both selective, high affinity binders and the novel peptides, it was possible to do the correlation analysis of binding activities and the NO induction-related anti-inflammatory effect of the peptides. beta-MSH, gamma1-MSH, gamma2-MSH…

Central Nervous SystemLipopolysaccharidesMalemedicine.medical_specialtyInsectaLipopolysaccharidePhysiologyAnti-Inflammatory AgentsInflammationBiologyNitric OxideBiochemistryNitric oxideMiceCellular and Molecular Neurosciencechemistry.chemical_compoundEndocrinologyMelanocortin receptorInternal medicinemedicineAnimalsReceptorMelanocortinsInflammationMice Inbred ICRintegumentary systemReceptors MelanocortinElectron Spin Resonance SpectroscopyCell biologyEndocrinologychemistryForebrainmedicine.symptomMelanocortinPeptideshormones hormone substitutes and hormone antagonistsProtein BindingReceptor Melanocortin Type 3Peptides
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Photochemically induced dynamic nuclear polarization of heteronuclear singlet order

2021

Photochemically induced dynamic nuclear polarization (photo-CIDNP) is a method to hyperpolarize nuclear spins using light. In most cases, CIDNP experiments are performed in high magnetic fields and the sample is irradiated by light inside a nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectrometer. Here we demonstrate photo-CIDNP hyperpolarization generated in the Earth's magnetic field and under zero- to ultralow-field (ZULF) conditions. Irradiating a sample containing tetraphenylporphyrin and para-benzoquinone for several seconds with light-emitting diodes produces strong hyperpolarization of 1H and 13C nuclear spins, enhancing the NMR signals more than 200 times. The hyperpolarized spin states at th…

Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)Materials scienceSpin statesSpinsField (physics)CIDNPPhysics::Medical PhysicsFOS: Physical sciences02 engineering and technology010402 general chemistry021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyPolarization (waves)7. Clean energy01 natural sciences0104 chemical sciencesMagnetic fieldHeteronuclear moleculePhysics - Chemical Physicsddc:530General Materials ScienceSinglet statePhysical and Theoretical ChemistryAtomic physics0210 nano-technology
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Experimental evidence of E’_gamma centers generation from oxygen vacancies in a-SiO2

2007

Abstract We report on the thermal treatment effects in a γ-ray irradiated oxygen deficient amorphous silicon dioxide (a-SiO2) containing Al impurities. We observed that by thermal treatments the intensity of the 7.6 eV optical absorption band, associated to an oxygen deficient center, and the EPR signal amplitude of irradiation induced [AlO4]0 centers gradually decrease. During these thermal treatments, the E γ ′ centers concentration is found to increase in a correlated way to the decrease of the 7.6 eV absorption amplitude. These results are interpreted assuming an hole-transfer process from the [AlO4]0 centers to the diamagnetic oxygen vacancies, resulting in the generation of E γ ′ cent…

ChemistryAnalytical chemistryOptical spectroscopychemistry.chemical_elementSilicaThermal treatmentCondensed Matter PhysicsOxygenElectronic Optical and Magnetic Materialslaw.inventionAbsorptionlawAbsorption bandImpurityElectron spin resonanceMaterials ChemistryCeramics and CompositesDiamagnetismDefectsIrradiationAtomic physicsElectron paramagnetic resonanceAbsorption (electromagnetic radiation)
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13C-Decoupled J-Coupling Spectroscopy Using Two-Dimensional Nuclear Magnetic Resonance at Zero-Field

2017

We present a two-dimensional method for obtaining 13C-decoupled, 1H-coupled nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectra in zero magnetic field using coherent spin-decoupling. The result is a spectrum determined only by the proton–proton J-coupling network. Detection of NMR signals in zero magnetic field requires at least two different nuclear spin species, but the proton J-spectrum is independent of isotopomer, thus potentially simplifying spectra and thereby improving the analytical capabilities of zero-field NMR. The protocol does not rely on a difference in Larmor frequency between the coupled nuclei, allowing for the direct determination of J-coupling constants between chemically equivalen…

ChemistryCarbon-13 NMR satelliteRelaxation (NMR)Carbon-13 NMR010402 general chemistryJ-coupling01 natural sciences0104 chemical sciencesFree induction decayNuclear magnetic resonance0103 physical sciencesSpin echoGeneral Materials SciencePhysical and Theoretical Chemistry010306 general physicsTwo-dimensional nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopyEarth's field NMRThe Journal of Physical Chemistry Letters
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Interplay between spin crossover and proton migration along short strong hydrogen bonds

2021

The iron(ii) salt [Fe(bpp)2](isonicNO)2·HisonicNO·5H2O (1) (bpp = 2,6-bis(pyrazol-3-yl)pyridine; isonicNO = isonicotinate N-oxide anion) undergoes a partial spin crossover (SCO) with symmetry breaking at T1 = 167 K to a mixed-spin phase (50% high-spin (HS), 50% low-spin (LS)) that is metastable below T2 = 116 K. Annealing the compound at lower temperatures results in a 100% LS phase that differs from the initial HS phase in the formation of a hydrogen bond (HB) between two water molecules (O4W and O5W) of crystallisation. Neutron crystallography experiments have also evidenced a proton displacement inside a short strong hydrogen bond (SSHB) between two isonicNO anions. Both phenomena can al…

ChemistryCrystallographyMaterials scienceSpin trappingHydrogen bondSpin crossoverMetastabilityExcited stateMoleculeGeneral ChemistryActivation energyLIESSTChemical Science
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Synthesis, structure and magnetic properties of iron (II), cobalt (II) and nickel (II) complexes of 2,6-bis(pyrazol-3-yl)pyridine and paramagnetic co…

2003

Abstract Iron (II), cobalt (II) and nickel (II) complexes of 2,6-bis(pyrazol-3-yl)pyridine (bpp) with [Cr(C2O4)3]3− have been prepared. They were characterised by single-crystal X-ray diffraction, magnetic susceptibility measurements and thermal gravimetric analyses. All three compounds are isostructural and they are formed by isolated [MII(bpp)2]2+ and [Cr(C2O4)3]3− complexes and free ClO4 −. As expected, only the salt [Fe(bpp)2]2[Cr(C2O4)3]ClO4·5H2O shows a thermal spin transition with transition temperature (T1/2) around 375 K that is correlated to the loss of water molecules.

ChemistryInorganic chemistrySpin transitionchemistry.chemical_elementMagnetic susceptibilityInorganic ChemistryNickelCrystallographyParamagnetismchemistry.chemical_compoundPyridineMaterials ChemistryMoleculePhysical and Theoretical ChemistryIsostructuralCobaltPolyhedron
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